Rich in active gases or metals — a strong mineral character.
Buoyancy
Standard buoyancy
LowHigh
Soft water — natural, classic buoyancy.
SoufreSulfuresSulfates
Nakayama Onsen, in Kagoshima city, heats sulfurous water to 44°C, characteristic of the volcanic Kyushu region. The facility features an indoor bath, an outdoor rotenburo bath, and a sauna.
Insider tip — Nakayama Onsen serves the suburban western hills of Kagoshima City where the volcanic geology of the Kirishima mountain chain extends its geothermal influence into the residential outskirts of the Satsuma capital. Kagoshima City sits beneath the continuous eruptions of Sakurajima — one of Japan most active volcanoes — across the Kinko Bay, and the city relationship with volcanic activity shapes everything from architecture to cuisine (Satsuma-age fish cakes developed partially to resist ash contamination) in a daily coexistence with volcanic threat unique in the developed world.