Loaded with major ions — the essential minerals (Ca, Mg).
Buoyancy
High buoyancy
LowHigh
Mineralised water — eases movement and joints.
CO2BicarbonatesMagnésium
Okumizuma Onsen is a bicarbonate and carbonated thermal spring in Osaka Prefecture, making it one of the more unusual mineral spring finds in Japan's most urban and densely populated prefecture—a reminder that even beneath Osaka's extraordinary commercial energy and urban infrastructure, geological thermal activity can push mineral-rich carbonated waters to the surface. The effervescent, skin-stimulating quality of naturally carbonated bicarbonate springs provides a therapeutically refreshing contrast to the pace of urban Osaka life, where the daily rhythms of commerce and consumption are among the most intense in Japan. This spring represents the unexpected natural richness that can persist beneath Japan's most densely developed urban environments.
Insider tip — Okumizuma Onsen is tucked into the deep river valleys of the Kii Peninsula in Wakayama, where bicarbonate-carbonated water surfaces in a forested gorge setting of rare beauty. The mineral composition is credited with softening and brightening skin, and the remote location means the air itself is exceptionally clean and ionised. Hiking trails through ancient cedar forests connect the onsen to nearby UNESCO-listed Kumano Kodo pilgrimage paths. Staying at the single inn here during autumn foliage season offers an experience that feels genuinely unchanged by time.